Yuav ua li cas tiv thaiv xeb thiab corrosion ntawm steel qauv

Steel qauv engineering tsevyog lub npe hu ua txoj haujlwm ntsuab ntawm lub xyoo pua 21st, steel qauv muaj ntau yam zoo xws li lub zog siab, muaj peev xwm thauj khoom, lub teeb yuag, ntim me me ntawm qhov chaw nyob, yooj yim siv thiab installation ntawm cov khoom, txuag ntoo, thiab lwm yam, yog li nws yog Ntau thiab ntau tau siv dav hauv kev lag luam thiab pej xeem cov tsev.Steel Frame Buildings thiab Steel Structure Warehouses nyob txhua qhov chaw.

Nrog rau txoj kev loj hlob sai ntawm kev lag luam, steel corrosion kuj thiab tsis zoo tiv thaiv xeb thiab corrosion thiab lwm yam teeb meem maj mam tshwm sim, tshwj xeeb tshaj yog nyob rau hauv cov ntug dej hiav txwv thiab cov tshuaj lom neeg kev lag luam tau dhau los ua ib qho teeb meem tseem ceeb!

Corrosion ntawm steel qauv tsis tsuas yog ua rau kev lag luam poob, tab sis kuj ua rau muaj kev phom sij rau kev nyab xeeb ntawm cov qauv, thiab kev tsim kev puas tsuaj los ntawm steel corrosion yog ib txwm muaj, yog li kev kho corrosion ntawm steel qauv (tshwj xeeb yog nyias-walled steel Cheebtsam) yog. ntawm qhov tseem ceeb ntawm kev lag luam thiab kev sib raug zoo, thiab cov hauv qab no yog qee qhov kev qhia thiab kev sib tham txog cov teeb meem pom nyob rau hauv cov txheej txheem ntawm kev tsim kho thiab qee txoj kev kho mob.

1. Lub ntsiab ua rau corrosion ntawm steel qauv

Tiv thaiv steel corrosion pib nrog kev nkag siab txog qhov ua rau steel corrosion.

1.1 Corrosion mechanism ntawm hlau ntawm chav tsev kub (hauv qab 100 ° C)

Corrosion ntawm steel nyob rau hauv chav tsev kub yog tsuas yog electrochemical corrosion. Cov qauv hlau yog siv nyob rau hauv cov huab cua ntawm chav tsev kub, thiab cov hlau yog corroded los ntawm kev ua ntawm ya raws, oxygen thiab lwm yam pa phem (tsis huv vuam slag, xeb txheej, deg av) nyob rau hauv cov huab cua. Cov av noo ntawm cov huab cua hauv qab yog qis dua 60%, qhov corrosion ntawm hlau yog me ntsis; tab sis thaum tus txheeb ze av noo nce mus rau ib qho nqi, qhov corrosion ntawm steel dheev nce, thiab tus nqi no hu ua qhov tseem ceeb humidity. Nyob rau hauv chav tsev kub, lub dav hlau tseem ceeb humidity ntawm 60% mus rau 70%.

Thaum cov huab cua muaj kuab paug los yog ntsev nyob rau hauv cov huab cua nyob rau hauv ntug hiav txwv dej, qhov tseem ceeb humidity yog tsawg heev, cov hlau nto yog ib qho yooj yim los tsim ib tug dej zaj duab xis. Lub sijhawm no, vuam slag thiab tsis kho xeb txheej (hlau oxide) raws li cov cathode, steel qauv Cheebtsam (cov khoom siv hauv paus) raws li cov anode hauv cov yeeb yaj kiab dej electrochemical corrosion. Atmospheric noo noo adsorbed ntawm cov hlau nto los ua ib zaj duab xis dej yog qhov kev txiav txim siab rau steel corrosion; qhov txheeb ze ntawm cov av thiab cov ntsiab lus ntawm cov pa phem yog qhov tseem ceeb cuam tshuam rau qib ntawm atmospheric corrosion.

1.2 Corrosion mechanism ntawm hlau ntawm qhov kub thiab txias (siab tshaj 100 ℃)

Corrosion ntawm hlau ntawm qhov kub thiab txias yog feem ntau yog tshuaj corrosion. Thaum kub kub, dej muaj nyob rau hauv lub xeev gaseous, cov nyhuv electrochemical yog me me, txo mus rau ib tug thib ob yam. Hlau thiab roj qhuav (xws li O2, H2S, SO2, Cl2, thiab lwm yam) kev sib cuag, cov khoom tsim ntawm cov khoom sib txuas (chlorides, sulfides, oxides), tsim cov tshuaj corrosion ntawm hlau.

2 Txoj kev tiv thaiv corrosion ntawm steel qauv

Raws li lub hauv paus ntsiab lus ntawm electrochemical ntawm steel corrosion, ntev li ntev raws li qhov tsim ntawm corrosion roj teeb yog tiv thaiv los yog puas los yog cov txheej txheem cathodic thiab anodic muaj zog thaiv, corrosion ntawm hlau tuaj yeem tiv thaiv. Kev siv cov txheej txheem tiv thaiv los tiv thaiv corrosion ntawm steel qauv yog ib txoj hauv kev tam sim no, feem ntau siv cov txheej txheem tiv thaiv muaj cov hauv qab no:

2.1 Hlau tiv thaiv txheej: hlau tiv thaiv txheej yog hlau los yog alloy nrog cathodic los yog anodic tiv thaiv nyhuv, los ntawm electroplating, tshuaj tsuag plating, tshuaj plating, kub plating thiab seepage plating thiab lwm txoj kev, yuav tsum tau tiv thaiv cov hlau nto los ua ib tug hlau tiv thaiv txheej (zaj duab xis) cais cov hlau los ntawm qhov nruab nrab corrosive nyob rau hauv kev sib cuag nrog corrosive nruab nrab, los yog siv cov electrochemical tiv thaiv nyhuv ntawm hlau tiv thaiv, thiaj li tiv thaiv corrosion.

2.2 Kev tiv thaiv txheej: los ntawm cov tshuaj los yog electrochemical txoj kev los ua cov hlau nto los tsim ib tug corrosion-resistant compound zaj duab xis, nyob rau hauv thiaj li yuav cais cov corrosive nruab nrab thiab hlau sib cuag, tiv thaiv corrosion ntawm hlau.

2.3 Non-metallic tiv thaiv txheej: nrog rau cov xim, yas, enamel thiab lwm yam ntaub ntawv, los ntawm painting thiab txau thiab lwm txoj kev, los tsim ib tug tiv thaiv zaj duab xis nyob rau saum npoo ntawm cov hlau, thiaj li hais tias cov hlau thiab corrosive xov xwm cais tawm, thiaj li tiv thaiv corrosion ntawm hlau. .

3. Steel nto kho

Hlau ua rau lub Hoobkas ua ntej, qhov saum npoo ntawm cov khoom yuav inevitably stained nrog roj, noo noo, plua plav thiab lwm yam pa phem, nrog rau muaj cov burrs, hlau oxide, xeb txheej thiab lwm yam defects. Los ntawm cov laj thawj tseem ceeb dhau los rau kev xeb ntawm cov qauv hlau, peb paub tias cov ntsiab lus ntawm cov pa phem yog qhov tseem ceeb cuam tshuam rau cov qib ntawm atmospheric corrosion, thiab cov kab mob ntawm qhov chaw yuav cuam tshuam rau cov adhesion ntawm coatings ntawm cov hlau, thiab ua rau cov xim. zaj duab xis nyob rau hauv corrosion txuas ntxiv nthuav dav, ua rau cov txheej tsis ua hauj lwm lossis kev puas tsuaj, tsis tuaj yeem ua tiav qhov kev tiv thaiv zoo. Yog li ntawd, qhov zoo ntawm steel nto kev kho mob ntawm kev tiv thaiv cov nyhuv ntawm txheej thiab lub neej ntawm lub zog, tej zaum txawm ntau tshaj li lub txheej nws tus kheej ntau yam ntawm kev ua tau zoo sib txawv nyob rau hauv cov kev cuam tshuam ntawm cov nram qab no yam yuav tsum tau hais tias:

3.1. Rau cov khoom siv thauj khoom uas nyuaj rau kev kho thaum lub sijhawm ua haujlwm, qib descaling yuav tsum tau nce kom tsim nyog.

3.2. Ua ntej thiab tom qab descaling, roj, burr, tshuaj tawv nqaij, txaws thiab hlau oxide yuav tsum tau ua tib zoo tshem tawm.

3.3. qhov kev lees paub zoo ntawm descaling thiab painting tej hauj lwm yuav tsum ua raws li cov kev cai.

4.Anti-corrosion Txheej

Anti-corrosion txheej feem ntau yog tsim los ntawm primer thiab sab saum toj txheej. Primer nyob rau hauv cov hmoov ntau dua, tsawg lub hauv paus khoom, zaj duab xis ntxhib, lub luag hauj lwm ntawm cov primer yog ua rau cov xim zaj duab xis nrog cov nyom-roj theem thiab topcoat ua ke ntawm cov khoom, uas yog, kom muaj ib tug zoo adhesion; primer muaj corrosion inhibiting pigments, tuaj yeem tiv thaiv qhov tshwm sim ntawm corrosion, thiab qee qhov kuj tuaj yeem ua rau cov hlau passivation thiab tiv thaiv electrochemical los tiv thaiv cov hlau los ntawm xeb. Lub topcoat yog cov hmoov tsawg dua, cov khoom siv hauv paus ntau dua, tom qab cov yeeb yaj kiab yog glossy, lub luag haujlwm tseem ceeb yog los tiv thaiv cov txheej txheem qis ntawm primer, yog li nws yuav tsum tsis txhob cuam tshuam rau huab cua thiab av noo, thiab yuav tsum muaj peev xwm tiv taus lub cev thiab tshuaj decomposition. tshwm sim los ntawm huab cua. Cov qauv tam sim no yog siv cov khoom siv hluavtaws los txhim kho huab cua tsis kam ntawm nruab nrab. Anti-corrosion coatings nrog atmospheric tsis kam yog feem ntau tsuas yog resistant rau vapor theem corrosion nyob rau hauv cov huab cua. Rau qhov chaw raug corrosion los ntawm acids thiab alkalis thiab lwm yam xov xwm, acid thiab alkali resistant coatings yuav tsum tau siv.

Anti-corrosion xim raws li kev tiv thaiv muaj peev xwm muab faib ua primer, nruab nrab xim thiab sab saum toj txheej, txhua txheej ntawm cov xim muaj nws tus yam ntxwv, txhua lub luag hauj lwm rau nws tus kheej lub luag hauj lwm, kev sib xyaw ntawm cov txheej, tsim ib tug sib xyaw txheej. txhim kho kev ua haujlwm tiv thaiv corrosion, ncua lub neej kev pab cuam.

4.1 primer

primer txheej feem ntau siv los tiv thaiv corrosion txheej yog zinc-nplua nuj primer thiab epoxy hlau-liab primer, zinc-nplua nuj xim yog tsim los ntawm ib tug loj tus naj npawb ntawm cov micro-zoo zinc hmoov thiab ib tug me me ntawm cov ntaub ntawv ua zaj duab xis. Zinc cov khoom siv hluav taws xob hluav taws xob yog siab dua cov hlau, thiab thaum raug corrosion, nws muaj "kev txi tus kheej", kom cov hlau tiv thaiv. Cov khoom siv corrosion zinc oxide ua rau lub qhov hws thiab ua rau cov txheej txheem ntau dua. Feem ntau siv zinc-nplua nuj primer muaj peb yam hauv qab no:

(1) dej iav inorganic zinc-nplua nuj primer, nws yog dej iav raws li cov khoom siv hauv paus, ntxiv zinc hmoov, sib tov thiab txhuam, tom qab kho kom yaug nrog dej, txheej txheem kev tsim kho yog complex, hnyav txheej txheem, kev kho deg yuav tsum nyob rau hauv Sa2.5 los yog ntau tshaj, ntxiv rau qhov kub thiab txias, cov av noo yuav tsum, tsim cov txheej txheej zaj duab xis yog yooj yim rau tawg, tev, thiab tsis tshua muaj siv.

(2) soluble inorganic zinc-nplua nuj primer, lub primer yog raws li nyob rau hauv ethyl orthosilicate, cawv raws li ib tug hnyav, ib nrab hydrolyzed polymerization, ntxiv zinc hmoov sib tov tusyees coated zaj duab xis.

(3) zinc-nplua nuj primer, nws yog epoxy resin raws li ib tug zaj duab xis-forming cov ntaub ntawv, ntxiv zinc hmoov, kho los ua ib tug txheej. Epoxy zinc-nplua nuj primer tsis yog tsuas yog zoo heev anticorrosion zog, thiab muaj zog adhesion, thiab nrog rau txheej tom ntej no epoxy hlau-huab xim yog zoo adhesion. Feem ntau siv nyob rau hauv cov huab cua dav dav ntawm steel ncej qauv thiab petrochemical khoom corrosion.

Epoxy hlau oxide liab primer yog muab faib ua cov kaus poom ntawm ob lub ntsiab xim, tivthaiv A (xim) ua los ntawm epoxy resin, hlau oxide liab thiab lwm yam antirust pigments toughening tus neeg saib xyuas, anti-sinking tus neeg saib xyuas, thiab lwm yam, tivthaiv B yog ib tug curing neeg sawv cev, kev tsim kho ntawm qhov kev faib ua feem ntawm kev xa tawm. Hlau oxide liab yog ib hom ntawm lub cev los tiv thaiv xeb xim, nws qhov xwm txheej yog qhov ruaj khov, muaj zog npog lub zog, cov khoom zoo, tuaj yeem ua kom muaj kev tiv thaiv zoo hauv cov xim zaj duab xis, muaj kev ua haujlwm zoo los tiv thaiv xeb. Epoxy hlau oxide liab primer rau ntawm cov hlau phaj thiab txheej sab sauv ntawm epoxy xim muaj adhesion zoo, ceev kom qhuav nyob rau hauv chav tsev kub, lub sab sauv txheej ntawm cov xim tsis los ntshav, feem ntau siv nyob rau hauv steel pipelines, tso tsheb hlau luam, steel qauv anticorrosion tej yaam num. , raws li xeb primer.

4.2 nruab nrab txheej ntawm cov xim

Cov xim nruab nrab feem ntau yog epoxy mica thiab epoxy iav nplai xim lossis epoxy tuab slurry xim. Epoxy mica xim yog ua los ntawm epoxy resin ua cov khoom siv los ntawm kev ntxiv mica hlau oxide, microstructure ntawm mica hlau oxide zoo li flaky mica, nws thickness tsuas yog ob peb micrometers, thiab nws txoj kab uas hla yog kaum ntawm micrometers mus rau ib puas micrometers. Nws yog qhov kub thiab txias tsis kam, alkali tsis kam, acid tsis kam, tsis muaj tshuaj lom, flake qauv tuaj yeem tiv thaiv kev nkag mus rau nruab nrab, txhim kho kev tiv thaiv corrosion, thiab qis shrinkage, nto roughness, yog ib qho zoo heev nruab nrab txheej ntawm cov xim pleev xim. Epoxy iav nplai xim yog epoxy resin raws li cov khoom siv hauv paus, nrog cov iav flaky raws li kev sib sau ua ke, ntxiv rau ntau yam additives muaj li ntawm tuab paddle-type anticorrosion xim. iav nplai thickness tsuas yog 2 mus rau 5 microns. Raws li cov nplai tau teem rau hauv cov khaubncaws sab nraud povtseg saum toj thiab hauv qab hauv txheej, ib qho kev tiv thaiv tshwj xeeb yog tsim.

4.3 top coat

Cov xim siv rau topcoats tuaj yeem muab faib ua peb qib raws li lawv cov nqi ntsiab lus:

(1) Ordinary qib yog epoxy xim, chlorinated roj hmab xim, chlorosulphonated polyethylene nws thiab hais txog;

(2) Qib nruab nrab yog polyurethane xim;

(3) Qib siab yog silicone-hloov polyurethane xim, silicone-hloov acrylic lub tsho tiv no, fluorine xim thiab lwm yam.

Epoxy xim tom qab kho tshuaj, tshuaj ruaj khov, txheej ntom ntom, muaj zog adhesion, cov cuab yeej siv siab, nws tiv taus cov kua qaub, alkali, ntsev, tuaj yeem tiv taus ntau yam tshuaj lom neeg.

5. Kev xaiv cov xim anticorrosive yuav tsum xav txog ntau lub ntsiab lus

5.1 Kev txiav txim siab yuav tsum tau muab rau qhov sib xws ntawm cov txheej txheem ntawm kev siv cov qauv thiab qhov ntau ntawm cov xim xaiv, raws li qhov nruab nrab corrosive (hom, kub thiab concentration) roj theem lossis theem ua kua, qhov kub thiab av noo lossis qhov chaw qhuav thiab lwm yam. tej yam kev mob rau kev xaiv. Rau cov kua qaub nruab nrab, phenolic resin pleev xim nrog cov kua qaub zoo dua tuaj yeem siv tau, thaum rau nruab nrab alkaline, epoxy resin pleev xim nrog zoo alkali kuj yuav tsum tau siv.

5.2 Cov peev txheej ntawm kev tsim kho yuav raug txiav txim siab. Qee qhov tsim nyog rau txhuam, qee qhov tsim nyog rau kev txau, qee qhov tsim nyog rau kev ziab kom qhuav los ua ib zaj duab xis thiab lwm yam. Rau cov xwm txheej dav dav, nws raug nquahu kom siv qhuav, yooj yim rau cov xim txias-teeb xim.

5.3 Xav txog qhov sib txuam ntawm cov txheej txheem. Raws li feem ntau ntawm cov xim yog cov khoom siv organic colloidal raws li cov khoom siv hauv paus, pleev xim rau txhua txheej ntawm zaj duab xis, muaj ntau yam tshwj xeeb me me microporous, corrosive media tseem tuaj yeem nkag mus rau kev yaig ntawm cov hlau. Yog li ntawd, kev tsim kho ntawm cov xim tam sim no tsis yog coated ib txheej, tab sis coated multi-layer, lub hom phiaj yog txo cov microporous kom tsawg. Yuav tsum muaj kev hloov tau zoo ntawm primer thiab topcoat. Xws li cov xim vinyl chloride thiab phosphating primer lossis hlau liab alkyd primer txhawb kev siv cov txiaj ntsig zoo, thiab tsis tuaj yeem siv nrog cov roj-raws li primer (xws li roj-raws li xim liab) txhawb kev siv. Vim tias cov xim perchlorethylene muaj cov kuab tshuaj muaj zog, yuav rhuav tshem cov yeeb yaj kiab primer.

Nws yog ib qho tseem ceeb heev los ua txoj haujlwm zoo hauv kev tiv thaiv xeb thiab tiv thaiv corrosion los txhawb kev txhim kho steel qauv tsev, txuag cov ntaub ntawv, ncua kev pab lub neej ntawm lub tsev, xyuas kom muaj kev ruaj ntseg thiab txo cov pa phem ib puag ncig.